Proximity and Juxtaposition :: Essays Papers

Closeness and Juxtaposition So as to appropriately investigate the likenesses among juxtaposition and nearness a definition is without a doubt required of the two. Closeness for example, alludes to the overall proximity of structures, and how that impacts the connection between them. Juxtaposition then again, alludes to the manner by which components or structures are put close to one another. Juxtaposition and closeness are two significant parts of plan that are regularly utilized together and must be considered while making a gem. One closeness among juxtaposition and vicinity is that the two of them can convey what kind of association ought to be made between a gathering of components or structures. For instance, when alluding to nearness, if the components are put intently together in a plan, they transfer to the watcher that they are a gathering, and they ought to be deciphered as one. The manner in which 2 components are set together (juxtaposition) passes on a relationship too. A case of this is in Gustav Klimt’s craftsmanship (see last 2 pages) titled, The Kiss (Gombridge 65). In Klimt’s painting a man and a lady are put close to one another in a fascinating manner. The types of their bodies are contorted and look like the deliberation of dissolving and development. There is a conspicuous connection between the two structures which would not be as evident if the structures were not compared the way that Klimt decided to. The bodies are vertically adjusted, with the goal that a unity can be accomplished. Had the man been upstanding and the lady on a level plane set over the ground, the two structures would convey in an unexpected way. The sentiment of development, liquefying, and unity, would without a doubt lose its’ force. Investigating Gustav Klimt’s fine art, the watcher may concentrate on the geometric shapes inside the 2 structures. From the start the watcher sees that rectangular shapes are compared inside the male structure, and a greater part of the woman’s structure is loaded up with round shapes. Be that as it may, towards the lower and upper pieces of their bodies, juxtaposition and closeness are utilized to frame a connection between the rectangular and round shapes. There are a couple of square shapes and circles put so near each other and so that the passerby can no longer recognize the man’s and the woman’s bodies.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation - Essay Example For consistently he hangs tight by the side for a clinical group, his odds for endurance gets thin and his odds of having a typical existence, on the off chance that he recoups, blur away (American Health Association, 2007). The proposition straightforwardly reacts to the call by VHA Health Foundation ventures identified with clinic readiness. It requires a crisis method that specialists need performed on patients to permit CVD casualties to arrive at medical clinics still alive and relaxing. It follows the ordinary progression of recommendations, beginning with acquaintance and methodology with spending arrangements and decision (Hale, Phale D., 1999). The spending subtleties the undertaking cost of the whole task, assessing costs from the time the idea started to the time it is finished. There perhaps other accidental costs that may simply occur over the span of the venture, however these sudden costs ought to be viewed as pretty much in the task itself (Volunteering Queensland, 2007). The end sums up what the proposition needs to extend, featuring its critical parts to persuade benefactors to give subsidizing. I think the proposition has a decent potential for success of being supported, however like most different recommendations it is totally conceivable that it is likewise dismissed. At the point when that case occurs, I have to examine my proposition some more and det

Essential Barcelona Tourist Information Assignment

Basic Barcelona Tourist Information - Assignment Example As indicated by the examination discoveries, Barcelona has got everything that makes an ideal occasion. Barcelona has an exceptionally satisfying and agreeable climate consistently. Be that as it may, the most great climate of Barcelona is during the long stretches of May till July making this time the most engaging time for a voyage through the grand city. September is additionally entirely charming yet August is normally hot and soggy. It is a month which is commonly satisfying to those individuals who love to tan themselves by investing an amazing energy in the sea shore. Each one of those individuals who visit Barcelona in August are constantly encouraged to get lodgings with cooling frameworks. The satisfying climate of Barcelona is as yet kept up during the long periods of October and November however the temperature begins falling and the climate begins to get chillier. The daylight can't be watched ordinary and individuals get readied for a slight precipitation. The winter se ts in toward the finish of November and from November till the finish of February the temperature drops and the climate gets cold. It doesn't rain much in Barcelona throughout the winter so by and large individuals get the opportunity to see the bright days. Various painters and craftsmen have lived and worked in Barcelona at once or the other and you can even now see their influence particularly all through the city. Two of the most acclaimed are Miro and Picasso who have historical centers dispensed to their most significant works. This is simply not it. Barcelona has likewise got numerous different historical centers and craftsmanship exhibitions all through the city so you have numerous aesthetic and social spots to visit while you are in Barcelona. Barcelona had in excess of 55 exhibition halls and craftsmanship displays that are committed on the subjects, for example, sports, workmanship, history, war, science, oceanic and engineering. Not many of the most well known exhibitio n halls and craftsmanship displays situated in Barcelona for touring are Maritime Museum, Barcelona Center of Contemporary Culture, La Pedrera, The Dali Museum-In Figueres and Camp Nou.

Identify a new initiative, need, situation, or problem that exists in Term Paper

Distinguish another activity, need, circumstance, or issue that exists in my significant territory of study (Public Administration) see attachm - Term Paper Example The nation has endured in practically all the perspectives as the legislative strategies are not compelling in managing fear based oppression. Open organization is a basic piece of an administration and the legislative strategies and philosophies structure the significant piece of a country’s security. Open organization incorporates issue distinguishing proof, strategy assurance, examination and proposing an answer for resolve the issue. A legislature for the most part targets settling the issues identified with open in an effective way. Open organization is viewed as the significant piece of a country’s government and the legislature has the duty to execute systems that are ideal for the general population. This guarantees open organization is associated with practically a wide range of associations and it has contacted the lives of many. Fear mongering, when contrasted with different issues has become a hazardous issue that has prompted a few related issues. Open orga nization in any structure targets serving people in general in an effective way. (Petroni, 2005). Open security has turns into a matter of concern nowadays. The explanation is the expansion in the quantity of criminal operations that present more serious dangers to the individuals dwelling in a nation. The nation must fuse certain methodologies to improve this circumstance and must propose approaches to ensure that individuals are protected. Since security is the essential concern, the contribution of the administration is the significant piece of a country’s security. Each phase of a country’s security is taken consideration by the administration. The open organization division of U.S’s government has designated certain deliberate associations to safe gatekeeper the individuals. These associations follow the enactments forced by the administration and must give its significance. In spite of the fact that the legislature in U.S has been proactive in managing the psychological militant exercises, the absence of co-appointment and different elements lead to a hazardous circumstance. Open organization must be completed in a viable manner, with the goal that the legislature can make certain of destroying the issue of psychological warfare. The ideological groups assume a significant job in the open organization division. (Chandler, 2000). Every one of these gatherings place their own proposals and alternatives to manage the common issues. Because of this explanation, the administration is pushed to a circumstance where they can't choose about the answer for a specific issue. These issues add to the current issues and in this manner make it extreme for the legislature to manage these issues. History of Terrorism in U.S Terrorism has been an extraordinary issue in U.S since the hour of Second World War. Second World War made an effect on the lives of individuals living in U.S. Despite the fact that psychological oppression isn't new to U.S, the impact of wars and the consequence made a rush of dread among the inhabitants of U.S. Individuals relocated to some different pieces of the nation and this made the rest of the individuals to make some extreme memories. The administration and the ideological groups couldn't resolve the issues that came about because of the expanding issues of fear based oppression. The administration felt that the explanation for the fear monger exercises was the American popular government. Majority rule government brought about residential psychological oppression as the individuals didn't confide in the idea of popular government. Rather they framed gatherings to unsettle and challenge the administrative arrangements. When contrasted with different nations,

Essay on Fairness of Our Taxation System

Is Our Taxation System Fair? Every government collects taxes from its citizens in order to be able to fulfill its responsibility of providing proper roads, water, sanitation facilities, health care and education to the public. The government would need billions of dollars to carry out all its duties and it is due to the tax payers’ money that all this work is done. So, citizens are expected and mandated by law to pay the appropriate taxes. They have to pay taxes to their local state or county governments as well as to the federal government in certain instances. Many people do not like the idea of paying taxes, of course. They hope that they could keep all their earnings to themselves. They feel that it is not fair for the government to grab a large percentage of their hard-earned money. They sometimes compare the tax percentages in other countries and feel that the amount of money they pay is too high when compared to the other nations. But all said and done, taxes are extremely essential for the smooth running of a nation. Without taxes, the government would not be able to fulfill its obligations. It is necessary for us to get a proper perspective of why taxes are inevitable. Although we do not like the fact that we have to part with our earnings to support the government, we still have to see this as a benefit. In fact, we are paying the government to provide all the infrastructural facilities that we enjoy in our day to day life. If we can see taxes as a fee that we spend on ourselves for our own benefit, much like the money we pay at a restaurant to have a nice meal, we would find it easier to pay our taxes without feeling the pinch.

Study On Mr Madoff And Ponzi Schemes Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

On March 12, 2009, Mr. Madoff pleaded guilty to all 11 felony counts charged against him, which includes securities fraud, money laundering and perjury. On June 29, he was sentenced by a federal judge to the maximum prison term of 150 years without bail or parole. He began serving his sentence four months later in October. The criminal case is U.S. v. Madoff, 08-cr-00213, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. From the 1980s through December 11, 2008, Madoff ran a massive Ponzi scheme to solicit billions of dollars of funds. On December 1, 2008, BLMIS delivered statements to 4,800 account holders showing they had total balances of almost $65 billion. The firm held a small fraction of that balance. Madoff took money from everywhere including, individuals, charities, trusts and pension funds. He didnt invest the funds as promised used them for his own gain. He falsely promised to gain high return rates, which was as much as 46%. Madoff created a br oad infrastructure at BLMIS to give the impression he ran a legitimate investment advisory business in which client funds were actively traded as he had promised (Voreacos, 2009). He had many back office employees who werent technically qualified for the job. He told workers to generate false client account statements that reflected false returns and supposedly showed the firm bought and sold securities. Madoff allowed the transfer of $250 million from clients investment funds to his market making and proprietary trading businesses. Those transfers gave the false appearance that he was doing business in Europe on behalf of investors. Madoff lied over and over to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in writing and sworn testimonies. He caused the creation of false financial statements about the business. As mentioned, he was charged on 11 counts. Here is a summary of each count: Count 1, Securities Fraud: Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities Inc. (BLMIS) was a bro ker-dealer with three types of business: market making; proprietary trading; and investment advisory services. Madoff Securities International Ltd. (MSIL) was a U.K. affiliate engaged in proprietary trading. Count 2, Investment Adviser Fraud: From at least the 1980s through December 11, 2008, Madoff acted as an investment adviser for clients of BLMIS and employed devices and schemes to defraud clients and prospective clients. Count 3, Mail Fraud: On December 1, 2008, Madoff caused to be sent via the U.S. Postal Service a false and fraudulent account statement from BLMIS to a client in New York. Count 4, Wire Fraud: On Aug. 5, 2008, as a part of a scheme to defraud, Madoff caused $2 million in investor funds to be wired from Bloomington, Minnesota, to New York. Count 5, International Money Laundering to Promote Specified Unlawful Activity: From 2002 to December 2008, Madoff caused the transfer of funds from the BLMIS investor account in New York to MSIL accounts in London , and from those accounts to BLMIS accounts in New York. The money was derived from fraud in the sale of securities and theft from an employee benefit plan. Count 6, International Money Laundering to Promote Specified Unlawful Activity: From 2006 to December 2008, Madoff caused the transfer of funds from BLMIS investor accounts in New York to MSIL accounts in London, then back to New York to give the false appearance that he was operating a legitimate investment advisory business. From 2002 to December 2008, he caused funds to be transferred from BLMIS accounts in New York to MSIL accounts in London, and from there to purchase and maintain property and services for the personal use and benefit of Madoff, his family members and associates (Voreacos, 2009). The money was derived from fraud in the sale of securities and theft from an employee benefit plan. Count 7, Money Laundering: On April 13, 2007, Madoff caused $54.5 million to be transferred from a BLMIS investor account in New York to a BLMIS account in London. The money was derived from fraud in the sale of securities and theft from an employee benefit plan. Count 8, False Statements: On Jan. 7, 2008, Madoff caused the filing with the SEC of a Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration. The form falsely stated that BLMIS had custody of advisory clients securities. Count 9, Perjury: On May 19, 2006, Madoff made numerous false and misleading statements under oath to the SEC. He falsely testified that his firm executed stock and options trades on behalf of investment advisory clients; had custody of assets managed on behalf of those clients; and used the same trading strategy for all its investment advisory clients. Count 10, False Filing With the SEC: On December 20, 2007, Madoff caused the filing of a false and misleading certified BLMIS audit report. Count 11, Theft From an Employee Benefit Plan: On September 24, 2008, Madoff stole $10 million in pension fund assets sent to B LMIS by a master trust on behalf of about 35 labor union pension plans. In May 2010, nearly 700,000 Madoff investors outside the United States settled agreements, receiving about $15 billion. The total shown on Madoffs investor account statements right before the collapse in 2008 was nearly $65 billion. Irving H. Picard, the court-appointed trustee representing Mr. Madoffs victims in the United States, has collected to date about $10 billion through settlements and asset sales. Mr. Picard estimated the total cash losses in the fraud at $20 billion (Washington, 2011). In December 2010, Mr. Picard launched several lawsuits, including one that was after $1.6 billion in damages from Sonja Kohn, a banker in Australia. He accused her of heading a 23-year conspiracy that played a central role in financing the Ponzi scheme. After the deadline, it appeared that at least 1,000 individual civil lawsuits would arise. Although many likely to be settled by negotiations, the rest will probab ly be contested. In February 2011,ÂÂ  bank documents released as part of Mr. Picards lawsuit prove that bank executives expressed many red flags about the legitimacy of Madoffs investment business more than 18 months before his Ponzi scheme came to light, but continued to do business with him. Another lawsuit, in federal bankruptcy court on February 4, involves the owners of the New York Mets. Mr. Picard accuses them of being so wrapped up in the enormous profits they earned while investing over decades with Mr. Madoff that they ignored the red flags that might have warned them that he was operating a fraud. Its also being rumored that now the Mets may be up for new ownership. In his first interview since his arrest in December 2008, Mr. Madoff asserted in February that unidentified banks and hedge funds were somehow complicit in his elaborate fraud, an about-face from earlier claims that he was the only person involved (Washington, 2011). His family being involved in sus picion in involved, he went on to mention that his family members knew nothing about his crimes. With his ill practices, his family has also faced numerous lawsuits, potential to lose most of their assets. Madoff also spoke about dealing with several banks pointing to their willful blindness and went on to say, They had to know, but the attitude was sort of, If youre doing something wrong, we dont want to know. While he admitting his guilt in the interview and said nothing could excuse his crimes, he focused his comments on the big investors and giant institutions he dealt with, not on the financial pain he caused thousands of his more modest investors. He did not assert that any specific bank or fund knew about or was an accomplice in his Ponzi scheme. After deceiving federal regulators and investors for at least 16 years, he would certainly be branded as a liar by defense lawyers if he appeared as a witness against any defendant in a courtroom (Washington, 2011). Mr. Madoff sai d he was determined to help the efforts to recover lost assets. He also said that Mr. Picard was seeking far more money than was needed to resolve investor claims. In addition to the customer claims for the cash losses, the Madoff estate also faces claims by unpaid vendors and landlords, who cannot recover until all the valid customer claims are paid. In prison, Madoffs access to the outside world is limited and monitored. All visitors must be approved by prison authorities, who also screen his collect calls and his incoming and outgoing e-mails and letters, though interviews with lawyers like Mr. Picard and his colleagues are less restricted and can be conducted in private (Washington, 2011). U.S. v. Madoff, 08-cr-00213, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (Manhattan). https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchivesid=a6Osnj.SoYdMrefer=home https://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/m/bernard_l_madoff/index.html https://www .npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=106039332

The Inequality Of Low Wage Workers - 1132 Words

Low-wage workers in America are not being afforded the basic labor protections that skilled workers enjoy. This neglect of low-wage workers is a personal trouble as much as it is a public issue. According to C. Wright Mills, troubles are personal problems that take place within the individual and their relations to others (1959). Issues, on the other hand, expand far beyond the individual’s personal characteristics and onto institutions in a particular historical time period (Mills 1959). Mills indicates that personal troubles can be easily detected by pointing at an individual’s characteristics, public issues on the other hand cannot be easily identified in that manner (1959). To develop a personal and social understanding if individual troubles and societal issues, Mills uses the sociological imagination (1959). Wage-labor, under the sociological imagination, can be identified as a socially constructed issue and not just an individual’s inability to be employed in something better. By looking at wage-labor in a narrow sense, it becomes easy to blame the individual for their troubles. Policies are then established to punish individuals and not the structural causes of their troubles. One way in which low-wage workers are punished for being in the situation that they are in is through neglecting them as a whole. The lack of safety mechanisms available for low-wage workers in the event of unemployment or underemployment, forces individuals to construct alternative modes ofShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Income Inequality1038 Words   |  5 PagesEquality is one of the biggest concerns in most societies. Independent of philosophy, culture, or religion, the society always care about this growing issue. Inequalities are shown in diverse ways by people’s position in the distribution of wealth or income but could also be related to other characteristics like having a disability, different ethnicity or background or gender. In the 2005 World Development Report elaborated by the World Bank, it is stated: â€Å"We now have considerable evidence thatRead MoreThe American Dream Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pagespercent of the American society is making it impossible for th e lower class to hold on to hope for a better future. The richer are getting richer by remarkably increase profits. Yet, the lower class wages have either decrease in some sectors of employment or have remained stationary resulting in â€Å"income inequality. That is â€Å"†¦the extent to which income is distributed in an uneven manner among a population† (inequality.org). Today it is even more evident that the lower class is stuck, unable to go nowhereRead MoreThe Impact Of National Minimum Wage On South Africa s Income Inequality Essay1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe impact national minimum wage would have on South Africa’s income inequality should it be implemented. South Africa is still considered one of the countries which still consist of high income inequality. Economists argue that inequality is the most unavoidable part of the economic development and that it continues to increase in developing countries due to economic growth (Keeton, 2014). Inequality is a problem in countries such as South Africa, because it shifts the attention from bigger andRead MoreThe Income Inequality Gap Essay1123 Words   |  5 PagesRecently, studies have shown that income inequality has many connections that have caused the gap in the United States. According to the research I found, income inequality is connected to corruption, trade, wages of workers, and education. The world income inequality had declined since the twentieth century according to the studies found (Clark). Corruption falls increasing on low income individuals more than higher income individuals. Additionally, the trade theory suggests that the free tradeRead MoreThe Labour Market Of The Uk1 625 Words   |  7 Pagesthe UK is a competitive environment. Workers and employers interact with eachother on a day-to-day basis, with employers competing to hire the best workers and employees competing to find the best work. The UK in particular has seen as increase in part-time jobs within the lower end of their labour market, with recent evidence citing the UK having a larger number of low-paid, part-time jobs compared to other developed countries. As a result of this increase of low-skill work, there has been a growingRead MoreThe Problem Of Income Inequality1159 Words   |  5 PagesIncome inequality is increasingly becoming a significant concern for many countries around the world. The income difference between the highly-educated, skilled, wealthy class and the poor, low to mid-skilled workers is growing larger and larger. In fact, the incomes of the rich are increasing significantly, while the low skilled workers’ incomes have been declining (The Economist,  "Wealth Without Workers†). According to The Economist, real median wages have been decreasing since 2000 in half ofRead MoreThe Inequality Of Income Inequality1229 Words   |  5 PagesIncome Inequality Income inequality has been a major concern around the world, and it mainly links to how economic metrics are distributed among individuals in a country. Economists generally categorise these metrics in wealth, income and consumption. Wilkinson and Picket (2009) showed in their studies that inequality has drawbacks that lead to social problems. This is because income inequality and wealth concentration can hinder or delay long term growth. In 2011, International Monetary Fund economistsRead MoreInequality : Inequality And Poverty1729 Words   |  7 Pages Inequality and poverty exist in our society because wealth and opportunity are inherited. If we all entered the world with an equal amount of resources, some would still rise above others but everyone would get the same chance to succeed in life. Since greed is one of the norms of our society, and wealth is passed from generation to generation, there will always be inequality and poverty. The system of wealth and inequality is actually pretty simple. It all boils down to a few things what youRead MoreGlobalization758 Words   |  4 Pagesmarkets  more efficient, increasing competition and spreading wealth more equally around the world. However, still many others assume that the costs associated with globalization outweigh the benefits, which has caused many problems. Growing income inequality and widening gap between richer and poorer are major problems seen in today’s world economy. In free international trade, the capital and the technology can flow across political bor ders. Redistribution of these resources will improve the efficiencyRead MoreThe Effects of Wealth Inequality in the U.S.1484 Words   |  6 PagesAnthony Giovenco Political Science Inequality Paper 12-18-14 The Effects of Wealth Inequality in the United States Wealth inequality in the United States has grown tremendously since 1970. The United States continuously reveals higher rates of inequality as a result of perpetual support for free market capitalism. The high rates of wealth inequality cause the growing financial crisis to persist, lower socio-economic mobility, increase national poverty, and have adverse effects on health and

Goal Setting Theory Of Motivation Essay - 877 Words

Essay question: It is often claimed that goal-setting is a theory of motivation which works. Critically evaluate the evidence and discuss the extent to which it supports this claim. Introduction As element that drives the person to strive for the best within his or her own capacity, Guay et al. (2010) defined motivation as reasons that underlie behaviour. It is also interpreted by Huitt, W. (2011) cited Kleinginna and Kleinginna (1981) as an internal state or condition (sometimes described as a need, desire, or want) that serves to activate or energize behaviour and give it direction. With that resonance, it is construed that Theory of Motivation is the conceptual representation that is applicable across many domains of behaviour and provides insights into why behaviour is initiated, maintained, directed and so forth, as per suggested by Graham and Weiner (1996). Under the umbrella of motivation theories, goal-setting is one of theory which lives up to its expectation. Locke and Latham (2006) suggested that goal-setting theory is a concept comprising the effectiveness of specific, difficult goals as well as generality of goal effects across people, tasks, countries, time spans and many more. It is interesting to fathom the validity of claim that goal-setting is effective and mostly engender positive results regardless of the different sources that are involved (Locke and Latham, 2006). Although goals are helmed as â€Å"key element in self-regulation† (p. 265), will theShow MoreRelatedGoal-Setting Theory of Motivation2104 Words   |  9 PagesJOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS, AND ADMINISTRATION VOLUME 15, NUMBER 1, 2011 Goal-Setting Theory of Motivation Fred C. Lunenburg Sam Houston State University ABSTRACT Locke and Latham provide a well-developed goal-setting theory of motivation. The theory emphasizes the important relationship between goals and performance. 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Process theories of motivation focus on the cognitive processes that are part of employee’s decision making. It also deals with our thoughts and perceptions about our jobs. The decisions are made based on calculations of gains versus loses. Also, when it comes to process theories of motivation, how the work situation is perceivedRead MoreThe Goal Setting Theory for Employee Motivation1302 Words   |  6 PagesGoal setting theory can help motivate employees to do their job as managers can relate to Professor Edwin Locke goal theory. The underlying concept behind this theory is the belief that people’s goals play a vital part in deciding their behavior. People drive to satisfy these goals to help their emotions and desires. Goals guide people’s responses and actions. Goals command employee performance an d actions and this can call for action or feedback. The effort that individuals will exert in attemptingRead MoreGoal Setting Theory: Motivation, Stress, and Communication1278 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation, Stress, and Communication Motivation, Stress, and Communication Introduction Goal-setting has progressively become a prominent tool of performance utilized by individuals and business organizations. Companies attain their success by setting long and short-term targets which provide them with direction in productive channels economically. Some of the common attributed elements in goal setting include: sales, services, products, and customer relations in general. The setting of goalsRead MoreCompare and Contrast Expectancy and Goal Setting Theories of Work Motivation. Which Do You Find the More Useful and Why?1384 Words   |  6 Pagescontrast expectancy and goal setting theories of work motivation. Which do you find the more useful and why? Two of the best known approaches to work motivation are the expectancy theory introduced by Victor Vroom (1964) and the goal-setting theory introduced by Edwin A. Locke (1968). Both of these theories have garnered support from subsequent empirical research and have proved influential in how companies motivate their workers through incentive schemes and objective-setting exercises. As theirRead MoreBackground Of Id Medical Group1389 Words   |  6 Pagesbrand, motivation and engagement. The wellbeing is bound up flexibility, work-life balance, motivation, job-satisfaction and human research management. For this reason, the rank of giving something back and wellbeing is very high in 100 companies (high level means not good at about a topic). The two category have included a joint topic which is motivation. The company is not good at about motivation. Therefore, the company is not good financially. 3.0 Motivation and Theories 3.1 Motivation For motivationRead MoreHow Managers Motivate Employees And Helping Managers Keep Their Employees Motivation High Essay1492 Words   |  6 PagesMotivation in the workplace has been a frequently discussed subject for at least a century. Whether an employee is doing paperwork behind a desk, helping to put together a car on a conveyor belt, or trying to make a sale, motivation is essential in their job. The reason behind this is simple enough- the more motivated an employee is the more work they tend to get done. However, it can be a struggle for managers to keep their workers motivated. This struggle has led to the development of numerousRead MoreEssay on Reinforcement Versus Goal Theory724 Words   |  3 PagesReinforcement versus Goal Theory Lorraine Patterson OMM 625 Learning Organizations amp; Effectiveness Professor Renee Hill January 30, 2012 According to Edwin Locke the goal setting theory is a tool used for motivation. The theory states that goal setting is linked to task performance. The goal states â€Å"specifically challenging employees while using feedback will contribute to a higher and better performance while completing a task.†(Pane, S) The idea of workingRead MoreEssay on Insight on the Motivation of Workers596 Words   |  3 PagesMotivation has always been a subject of much research over the last fifty years however there have been many definitions and theories describing and analysing motivation but the research is never complete. Right from Robert Owen who described human beings to be like machines that need care and maintenance to work efficiently till Drucker (1999) who described them as the knowledge workers of the 21st century with different needs and therefore on what it is required I would like to elaborate on the

Essay The Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines - 1390 Words

Although autonomy is such a highly sought after aspect of human life, there are times when it is overridden for the good of the person or for others around them. The question of whether autonomy is always the most important factor in determining the morality of an issue must be made. According to Fields, autonomy requires and allows a person to â€Å"comprehend the action to be taken, the alternatives, and the consequences,† which is what it does. Nonetheless, there are times when this extent of autonomy may be skewed by beliefs and ideas that may not be entirely accurate. For instance, in the past decade or so, there had been a widespread belief among opposers of mandatory vaccinations and vaccines in general that the MMR (measles, mumps,†¦show more content†¦This example is one that extends far and wide throughout America, due to McCarthy’s fame, and gives an accurate representation of how, at times, people are wrong. In other words, there are instances whe n doctors, experts, etc. are more qualified and know more about a particular matter as compared to a lay individual, therefore they should be given some leeway in determining what is best for themselves and their children. In light of the fact that those opposing mandatory vaccinations may be putting people at risk, there are many valid points that they make when arguing against the issue, besides just the loss of autonomy. The first, which is demonstrated rather well in the example of the autism and MMR vaccine scare, is that there are chances for adverse effects, or negative side-effects from the vaccines. A group of doctors from the Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, describes in a resolution that calls for a â€Å" moratorium on all government mandated vaccines† and uses the likelihood of these adverse effects to support their preposition. Within their resolution, the doctors points out that as more and more people, school-children in this case, get vaccinat ed, the more cases of adverse effects will be seen. The example of hepatitis B is used in the resolution, stating that if only 1%Show MoreRelatedHpv Vaccine, The Cochrane Library, And Google Scholar1229 Words   |  5 PagesThe literature search for this review was conducted using several databases including CINAHL, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Search terms included â€Å" human papillomavirus vaccine†, â€Å" human papillomavirus†, â€Å"HPV†, â€Å" human papillomavirus safety and effectiveness†, â€Å"human papillomarvirus vaccination rates†, â€Å"HPV randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews†. Since licensure of the HPV vaccine in 2006, HPV vaccine coverage among US adolescents has increased but remains lowRead MoreVaccinating Children Is Safe And Effective Against Dangerous Diseases844 Words   |  4 PagesPro Argument: Vaccinating children is safe and effective against dangerous diseases. Until the development of the smallpox vaccine in 1796, inoculation using the live smallpox virus was the only way to protect people from the deadly disease. Those inoculated had a chance of contracting the full virus and potentially dying from the disease. When Edward Jenner discovered that he could use a similar disease found in cattle, he began the modern era of vaccination (The College of Physicians of PhiladelphiaRead MoreVaccines And Autism : A Tale Of Shifting Hypotheses905 Words   |  4 Pagesthe number of vaccines recommended by health care professionals and government agencies has increased rapidly since 1980. Furthermore, vaccines have also changed in how they are made, which is unknown or poorly understood by the general public. While reviewing the literature, this was shown in the article, â€Å"Vaccines and Autism: A Tale of Shifting Hypotheses†, by Gerber Offit (2009), where they discuss how vaccines have changed overtime. The authors state that today a single vaccine use uses lessRead MoreShould Religious Exemptions For Hpv Vaccination Are Allowed By The Law?1467 Words   |  6 Pagesfamilies, for example, may feel uncomfortable vaccinating their children since animals are involved in the research and development of several vaccines, including the HPV vaccine. Individuals against animal testing, or recombinant DNA technology (Gardasil (Human Papillomavirus Vaccine) Questions and Answers, 2006) could feel uneasy about the Gardasil vaccine as well (Gardasil 9, 2014). In addition, some fear that this policy will â€Å"promot[e] promiscuity† (Marsa, 2014). The law indirectly assumes thatRead MoreWhy Should Vaccinations Be Important? Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesdisease. This is due to memory B cells. They have the capability to retain the antibodies that kill the disease. They remember what it is, so they detect it early, and destroy it once present. Another way to produce active immunity is vaccinations. Vaccines interact with t he immune system and often produce an immune response similar to that produced by the natural infectious creating memory B cells. Passive immunity is the transfer of antibodies produced by one human or animal to another. It providesRead MoreThe Opposing Viewpoints Of The Vaccination Of Children1097 Words   |  5 PagesThe driving force behind most pro-vaccine individuals is the protection of their children. When parents choose not to give their children vaccinations, it increases the chance of an outbreak of any of the above mentioned diseases. Without the implementation of vaccines, many of these easily-preventable diseases become possible epidemics.Vaccines are only given to children after a long and careful review by scientists, doctors, and healthcare professionals (Vaccines). The Centers for Disease ControlRead Morearguments against the flu vaccine1311 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Lethal Injection: A study of influenza vaccines Every fall season we hear the question; did you get your flu shot yet? It is supposed to protect you from that nasty flu virus that circulates our communities during the fall and winter months. But, did you know that in 2011 the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Adverse Event Reporting Systems Website (AERS) reported 51 deaths caused by the flu vaccine in the United States (U.S.) (CDC,2012). According to National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC), as ofRead More Vaccinations Necessary to the Nation’s Youth Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagesvariolation, which meant intentionally exposing a virus to create immunity. In 1976, Dr. Edward Jenner used this concept to create the first contemporary vaccine. He managed to do this by obtaining cowpox matter from the arm of a dairy previously infected with smallpox, and introduced the sample into the arm of a healthy young boy. Miraculously, the vaccine made the boy immune to smallpox, and just like that the modern medicine forever chan ged (Binski 10). Other medical professionals realized that introducingRead MoreBenefits And Risks Associated With Vaccinating Children1188 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This literature review discusses the benefits and risks associated with vaccinating children. The researcher collects five articles that were deemed appropriate for the topic and analyzed using databases and limitations. The articles were analyzed and categorized by the risks and benefits that may be discussed throughout the article. The findings showed what the researcher collected as important information from the five articles. For instance, vaccinations will prevent an estimated 322Read MoreH1N11606 Words   |  7 Pages(H1N1) anti-viral vaccine - specific or cocktail - with other large-scale antiviral vaccines - is provided by global drug manufacturers. The unanimous population of the population, well-maintained media (Swine flu crisis - H1N1 virus out of control. Cherie Blair, wife of ex-PM Tony Blair has swine flu. WHO warning: Killer virus can t be stopped! , etc.) forced governments from all over the world (some earlier, others later) to over-buy hundreds of millions of d oses of vaccine, even before completing

What Is Management - 2236 Words

An essay on ‘What is Management’ Management is both art and science. It is the art of making people more effective than they would have been without you. The science is in how you do that. There are four basic pillars: plan, organize, direct, and monitor. Management is a universal phenomenon. It is a very popular and widely used term. All organizations - business, political, cultural or social are involved in management because it is the management which helps and directs the various efforts towards a definite purpose. â€Å"Management is an art of getting things done through and with the people in formally organized groups. It is an art of creating an environment in which people can perform and individuals and can co-operate towards†¦show more content†¦When ever more than one person is engaged in working for a common goal, management is necessary. Whether it is a small business firm which may be engaged in trading or a large firm like Tata Iron amp; Steel, management is required everywhere irrespective of size or type of activity. 5. Management is a Group Activity: Management is very much less concerned with individual’s efforts. It is more concerned with groups. It involves the use of group effort to achieve predet ermined goal of management of ABC amp; Co. is good refers to a group of persons managing the enterprise. The main objectives of management are: 1. Getting Maximum Results with Minimum Efforts - The main objective of management is to secure maximum outputs with minimum efforts amp; resources. Management is basically concerned with thinking amp; utilizing human, material amp; financial resources in such a manner that would result in best combination. This combination results in reduction of various costs. 2. Increasing the Efficiency of factors of Production - Through proper utilization of various factors of production, their efficiency can be increased to a great extent which can be obtained by reducing spoilage, wastages and breakage of all kinds, this in turn leads to saving of time, effort and money which is essential for the growth amp; prosperity of the enterprise. 3. Maximum Prosperity for Employer amp; Employees - Management ensures smooth and coordinatedShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Management2223 Words   |  9 PagesAn essay on ‘What is Management’ Management is both art and science. It is the art of making people more effective than they would have been without you. The science is in how you do that. There are four basic pillars: plan, organize, direct, and monitor. Management  is a universal phenomenon. It is a very popular and widely used term. All organizations - business, political, cultural or social are involved in management because it is the management which helps and directs the various efforts towardsRead MoreWhat Management Is3760 Words   |  16 PagesWhat Management Is Question 1 An ‘External Orientation’ rather than an ‘Inward Focus’ is useful in understanding the concept of value. Describe ‘Value Creation’ from the context of Low-Cost Airlines (No-Frill airlines). Compare it with how the Indian Railways creates value. Answer 1 Value creation is a term which cannot be defined / quantified specifically and measured accurately or attributed a particular definition. It has a distinct and broad view and originates from the customers point ofRead MoreWhat Management Is3774 Words   |  16 PagesWhat Management Is Question 1 An ‘External Orientation’ rather than an ‘Inward Focus’ is useful in understanding the concept of value. Describe ‘Value Creation’ from the context of Low-Cost Airlines (No-Frill airlines). Compare it with how the Indian Railways creates value. Answer 1 Value creation is a term which cannot be defined / quantified specifically and measured accurately or attributed a particular definition. It has a distinct and broad view and originates from the customers point of viewRead MoreWhat Is Business Management? Essay1532 Words   |  7 PagesDefining the Discipline What is Business Management? Studying for a business and management studies degree allows us to develop a broad understanding of business organizations and provides us with subject-specific knowledge in areas such as marketing, customers, finance, operations, communication, information technology, business policies and strategies. What Jobs can you receive with a degree in Business Management? The business field has many choices because there are different types of businessesRead MoreWhat is Management? Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesEssay 1: What is Management? The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role and function of management in society and the workforce and to look into how it is implemented. Three main questions will be discussed, outlining, †What is management? aWhat do managers do? And what skills do managers need?† We will define management as a profession, look into what managers undertake and deliver in their daily output of work, different levels of management, and what skills managers need in order to produceRead MoreWhat Is Operations Management?1534 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Operations Management? Operations Management is defined as how we deal with the design and management of products, processes, services and supply chains. It considers the acquisition, development, and utilization of resources that organizations need to deliver the goods and services their clients want. All of these steps are part of the strategic, tactical and operational levels. The strategic piece includes areas such as determining the size and location of manufacturing plants, decidingRead MoreWhat is Management in an Organization?900 Words   |  4 PagesManagement is important because it is important aspect of the success and achievement of an organization’s goals through a group of people. A skilled manager is not only capable of handling administrative activities, but is able to connect with and inspire their teammates in times of prosperity and times of change. In this essay, I begin by looking at the theoretical aspects of management and how it is a product of the relevant time period, before going into my own personality and background, andRead MoreWhat Is Performance Management?1203 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is performance management? After going through a process of developing and determining the mission, vision and values of an organisation, a strategy document is developed. In this document processes and systems are put in place to ensure that the company is on track. Every so often, usually annually, a review of the company’s performance is taken into account. This review encapsulates the performance of systems and the people operating within the systems. Performance management is a processRead MoreWhat Is Strategic Management1189 Words   |  5 PagesAnswer Strategic Management can be defined as the art and science of formulating, implementing, and evaluating cross-functional decision that enables an organization to achieve its objectives. As this definition implies, strategies management focuses on integrating management, marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations, research and development, and computer information systems to achieve organizational success but strategy must be closely aligned with purpose. Is this the process ofRead MoreWhat is Finance Management?1598 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is finance management? â€Å"Financial Management is the Operational Activity of a business that is responsible for obtaining and effectively utilizing the funds necessary for efficient operation.† by Joseph Massie. What is capital market? â€Å"Are places where companies which need long term finance can meet investor† (business study guide, p120) P1.1- Identify the sources of finance available to new business you have chosen. Every business needs finance of money to invest; there are a number of ways

Sociological Theory Construction of Social Orders

Question: Discuss about the Sociological Theory for Construction of Social Orders. Answer: Introduction: Medical sociology is usually referred to as the sub branch of sociology that explores and analyses the social causes and subsequent outcomes pertaining to health and illness (Cockerham, 2014). In this context mention may be made of the health status of individuals and populations that are not uniform and consistent thereby leads to inequity. The factors governing these disparities do not necessarily emanate from the genetic predispositions of the concerned person but is largely dependent upon factors impacted by the political and social forces of a nation, social and economic practices that drive necessary changes in conjunction with personal and environmental factors. These factors together constitute the social determinants of health that are characterized by conditions in which persons are born, grow, survive and attain old age which is further modulated by the distribution of money, resources and power at the global, national and local sectors (Pacquiao, 2016). Effective addressi ng of these social determinants of health is done by virtue of utilizing certain sociological theories and concepts for the sake of better understanding health and illness (Adler cutler, 2016). In the following sections discussions will be made with reference to two such sociological theories to gain an insight into the matter and in stating the discrepancies that occur between these two and the biomedical model for elucidating the social determinants of health. The complex arrays of influences of the social determinants of health assimilate and interact to steer the notable health inequities among people across the globe. Healthcare services are considered as social institutions that are accessed and acknowledged by people belonging to diverse socio-economic backgrounds throughout the world. Different socio-cultural groups of people perceive them differently. Moreover the sociological theories also render a newer dimension to explore these social determinants by examining the interaction between health and society (Rubin, 2016). Three major sociological theories namely the functionalist, conflict and interactionist theories are recognized to understand the underlying concepts of social determinants of health. The functionalist and interactionist theories may be further elaborated for explaining the key concepts and perspectives as put forward by eminent sociologists in erstwhile years. The functionalist theory considers society as a complex system of interrelated parts that are organized in a manner to maintain its stability. Alongside social stability, maintenance of consensus and solidarity is integral to the proposition of this theory. Societal institution comprising of family, education and economy serve crucial functions for operating the societal norms. Smooth functioning of society is dependent upon various factors that share the responsibility of controlling the factors that lead to sickness thereby limiting the performance of the societal functions effectively (Healy, 2014). Hence from the functionalist perspective the stability and functionality of the society is to be ensured through proper measures taken in terms of treating an ill patient. Sociologist Talcott Parsons depicted the behavior specific to a person who is recognized to be sick. The person who is suffering from an illness is under the obligation of recovering from his condition due to certain responsibilities entrusted on him or her in the outside world. In this regard professional assistance and appropriate therapeutic interventions are sought from competent authorities to account for harboring positive outcomes. This duty of aiming for recovery by the distressed person is termed as sick role and a person who do not invest in such activities are considered to be not sick. A greater purpose is served by acknowledging the treatment intervention and professional guidance for improved health. Therefore the physicians play an integral role to assess the health scenario of a person and suggest treatment modalities accordingly (Carl et al., 2011). In the functionalist perspective the constituent elements of the society comprising of societal norms, customs, traditions and institutions govern the functionality of the society. The normal stability of the society gets affected due to illness and is considered as deviance from the prevalent norms. Hence the medical professionals are under the obligation and entrusted with the responsibility of catering to the needs of these patients. Three versions of sick roles have been perceived by Parson that stated conditional, unconditional legitimate and illegitimate as the varied patterns. However exceptions to the sick role are observed in case of certain debilitating disorders such as that of Alzheimers disease that affects the older population mostly. These people are exempted from performing their social roles and are instead recommended to undergo care regime on a daily basis (Mouzelis, 2016). Hence the complex framework relevant to the functionalist theory considers each and every co mponents of the society for effective addressing of pertinent issues relevant to health and wellbeing. Another vital aspect of the sociological concepts is elucidated by means of the interactionist theory that puts adequate emphasis on the interaction and communication hosted between people of the communities in a societal set up that include the relationship between the physician and the patient within the periphery of a clinical setting. This theory considers study of the activities of individuals as these individuals are capable of co-creating the world through mutual interactions. Interaction carried on among persons help to develop and learn regarding the normal and acceptable behavioral norms that may be practiced in society. Human behavior is found to be vastly impacted through definitions and meanings that emanate out of social interactions with other that are originated and maintained subsequently (Rock, 2016). Holistic explanation of society is provided by this generalized approach of interactionism that considers everyday patterns of social interactions. According to this p erspective, patients are noted to actively seek treatment for their prevailing condition and therefore are considered not to be passive. The specific roles of doctors while in the medical profession are critically analyzed and scrutinized by this approach. The acquisition of specific knowledge, expertise and skills relevant to the practicing domain entitles them to gain respect and trust from subordinates, colleagues and the care recipients alike. The authority of the physicians allows the patients to keep faith in their advice and comply by their recommendations in the form of taking medications and receiving treatments. However deviation from this acceptable norm also occurs at times where the patients refuse to take medications or denounce to receive specific treatment (Downes, Rock McLaughlin, 2016). Presentation and construction of the self image is vital to the co-existence and definitions of situations through proper investigation. In this context the development of health and illness has also been attributed to social construction. Constructivist grounded theory is considered as a integral component of symbolic interactionism where both the researcher and participants share an interactive association coupled with mutual knowledge sharing. In this respect two terms of medicalization and demedicalization have been coined that are separate mechanisms that affect the provision of healthcare. Alteration of bad behavior to sick behavior is achieved by means of the process referred to as medicalization of deviance. Contrarily the normalization of the sick behavior is considered demedicalization. The issue of alcoholism may be cited as an example of medicalization where effective therapeutic interventions are vital to treat the condition (Vannini, 2016). Thus the issues pertinent to the society that have health implications as well may be explicitly understood through symbolic interactionism. In contrast to these sociological perspectives, the biomedical model of health and illness considers the physical or biological factors associated with the disease and illness. It is considered as a medical model of care in which followed by the physicians and the healthcare professionals that in turn is related to the diagnosis, cure and treatment modality specific to the disease prevalent in the patient. In this model, mental disorders are viewed as brain disorders and therefore effective pharmacological intervention is recommended to treat the condition. Research and dissemination of the psychotherapy is possible through this biomedical model (Rogers Pilgrim, 2014). Information and clinical discourse in relation to health is offered by means of this model where health is conceived as a state characterized by absence of disease. Moreover it lays adequate emphasis on the disease as the underlying factor that leads to illness rather than any other confounding factors. Hence eradicat ion and prevention of certain pathologic conditions is found to be directly dependent on effective diagnosis and availability of holistic treatment options (Deacon, 2013). Therefore the key principles and propositions with regards to the biomedical model and sociological theories differ widely in their fundamental approaches of perceiving the health and illness condition. The perceptions of health and illness are matters of concern to the sociologists and the professionals intimately associated with healthcare. The theories put forward by pioneers in sociology addresses the social determinants of health from the point of view of societal changes involving the participation and behaviors of the people responsible for fostering care services and those who receive the care offered. Empowerment carried out at the level of the people hold the capacity of transforming the lives of the concerned individuals through positive modifications in their lifestyle. A plethora of social, environment and economic factors determines the health that strives to offer health service delivery. Catering to the basic needs of the people in need is the primary agenda of the sociological theories. Therefore understanding of the health and illness may be achieved through studying them along with the biomedical model that follows a different approach. References Adler, N. E., Cutler, D. M. (2016). Addressing Social Determinants of Health and Health Disparities. Carl, J., Baker, S., Robards, B., Scott, J., Hillman, W., Lawrence, G. (2011). Think sociology. Pearson Higher Education AU. Cockerham, W. C. (2014). Medical sociology. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Deacon, B. J. (2013). The biomedical model of mental disorder: A critical analysis of its validity, utility, and effects on psychotherapy research. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(7), 846-861. Downes, D., Rock, P., McLaughlin, E. (2016). Understanding deviance: a guide to the sociology of crime and rule-breaking. Oxford University Press. Healy, K. (2014). Social work theories in context: Creating frameworks for practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Mouzelis, N. P. (2016). Back to sociological theory: the construction of social orders. Springer. Pacquiao, D. F. (2016). Social Determinants of Health. Global Healthcare: Issues and Policies, 159. Rock, P. (2016). Making of symbolic interactionism. Springer. Rogers, A., Pilgrim, D. (2014). A sociology of mental health and illness. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Rubin, I. L. (2016). Social Determinants of Health. In Health Care for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities across the Lifespan (pp. 1919-1932). Springer International Publishing. Vannini, P. (2016). Body/embodiment: Symbolic interaction and the sociology of the body. Routledge.

Plate Tectonics Essay Example For Students

Plate Tectonics Essay Plate TectonicsPrior to World War II, humans were conformed with the idea that the Earth and its continents had been basically unchanged since the beginning of time. A German meteorologist, Alfred Wegener observed that the coastlines of the seven continents could be fitted together almost perfectly like a jigsaw puzzle. If fitted together, the geological dating the land would match as well as other geological features. He believed that this was more than coincidence, which happened to be the belief at the time. By putting all the continents together, he formed a large landmass that he named Pangea. This would also explain the same fossils found on 2 continents, separated by large oceans. Although the continents fit together nicely, and it would solve many of the earths mysteries, people still rejected the idea that the continents moved for several reasons. Ignorance and strong religious beliefs played a part in this, but it was mainly rejected because of the lack of a good explanatio n for the movement of the continents. Wegeners theory for the movement of continents was called continental drift. This was not believable at the time because there was no way the continents could move through the rigid ocean floor. During WWII, people started to explore the ocean floor and discovered evidence that would prove Wegeners ideas about land movement. The most interesting feature of the ocean was the ridges running along the ocean floor. It was discovered that earthquakes were abundant along the ridges that let magma flow from them. The magma would flow out these ridges and push the Earth away from it. This sea floor spreading was how the continents had moved over millions of years. The earths crust is in mobile sections called plates, moved by the circulation of magma in a layer of the earth called the mantle. The moving and colliding of plates form many of todays landforms such as the Himalayan Mountains. They were formed when India moved into Asia, colliding and making the shores of India go underneath Asia. Although we have found much on plate tectonics, there are still some unanswered questions. The depths of the plates are still unknown. Scientists are still unsure on how the motion of the mantl e was initiated. There are many theories on how plate tectonics works and why the polarization of the Earth switches every million years but there have been no concrete facts. Plate tectonics needs to be explored more in order to solve much of the mysteries of the earth. It has already answered many questions about the geologic history. The moving plates, volcanoes, and faults explain much of the earths topography. If we come to a better understanding of plate tectonics, the evolution of different species of animals will become clearer to us. The history of plate tectonics will help us understand the past migrations of species and even early humans. Not only can studying plate tectonics help in understanding the past but can help predict the future. Advancement of these theories may help predict earthquakes in plenty of time to spare millions of lives and can help us predict the topography of the future.

The Plays We Perform Often Display a Frightening View of Who We Are. How Are Playwrights Able to Do This in Ruby Moon and Stolen Essay Example

The Plays We Perform Often Display a Frightening View of Who We Are. How Are Playwrights Able to Do This in Ruby Moon and Stolen? Essay The plays we perform often display a frightening view of who we are. How are playwrights able to do this in Ruby Moon and Stolen? The frightening view of who we are is explored by Matt Cameron’s Ruby Moon and Jane Harrison’s Stolen, where the contemporary Australian theatrical practice is used to explore dark issues. The play Ruby Moon is a response to the current epidemic within Australian society; the fear of losing a child, and is concerned with life in suburbia, and Stolen by Jane Harrison is concerned with Indigenous experience in Australia and the effects of the implementation of the policy of taking children from their families and how, despite all that has been done to them, they have survived. By using innovative approaches in structure and different dramatic forms and conventions such as characterisation, multi-role playing and symbolism to convey their ideas, has allowed these playwrights to display a frightening view of who we are. We will write a custom essay sample on The Plays We Perform Often Display a Frightening View of Who We Are. How Are Playwrights Able to Do This in Ruby Moon and Stolen? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Plays We Perform Often Display a Frightening View of Who We Are. How Are Playwrights Able to Do This in Ruby Moon and Stolen? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Plays We Perform Often Display a Frightening View of Who We Are. How Are Playwrights Able to Do This in Ruby Moon and Stolen? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ruby Moon by Matt Cameron is about a little girl who sets off to visit her grandmother, just like a fairytale, but never arrives. It is the story of Little Red Riding Hood retold, exposing what people do when they suffer an enormous loss, like the loss of a child. It is both placeless and timeless, a theatrical device used in order for an audience to realize its universality. It travels deep into the fears of our time by illustrating issues like child abduction and pedophilia which arouse such potent emotions in families and communities. The play is able to re-enact the dire â€Å"pervasive fear and mistrust that exists here Australia is at the moment† through the employment of the gothic and absurd through a fairy tale like structure, characterisation, black humour, multi-role playing, props and symbolism, and lighting. Ruby Moon displays a frightening view of who we are through the employment of presentational theatre acting where Cameron is able to then within his theatre, give emotion to the issue that we detachedly interact with every day, and allow us to see the grief, anger and psychotic paranoia behind these stories, which are emphasized in his other styles used. The style which Cameron employs, that is Gothicism and Absurdism, presents the bizarre and macabre culture of Australian society which is fixated upon fairy tales gone wrong, â€Å"it begins with a fairy tale† and the paranoia and obsession that is a repercussion of this. This is then shown through the characterization of Ray and Sylvie, who voice their mistrust through their absurdist cyclical questioning and through their guilt, highlight the unforgiving and anonymous Australian landscape; where both Ray and Sylvie come to question those living closest to them, as well as one another. Thus through these styles, Cameron is able to communicate the nightmarish logic in the situation, where we begin to question with the characters; who and what is real in this world, causing a sense of paranoia amongst us. The play incorporates black humour through actors playing multiple roles, all which seem to be strange, changing the perception of the audience through the way the story is told. The fact that everyone appears to be guilty and most obviously through the unusual things that continue to happen throughout the play, contribute to the fear created engaging the audience as a reflection. Through the theatrical conceit of only two actors playing such a range of characters, one begins to question if all are completely separate. Major characters of Ray and Sylvie are both weakened by the loss of their child, and both are witnesses to the effect of grief in their lives, Ray’s integrity is mistrusted by the audience as we witness the progression of the play, and Sylvie becomes increasingly unstable and psychotic as her grief continues in a cyclical pattern. The minor characters throughout the play, Veronica Vale, Dulcie Doily, Sid Craven etc, all follow the archetype method of Cameron is their creation. For example, Sid Craven comes to represent paedophilia, or at least the paranoia of its existence, and through the dark humour presented in the dialogue between Sylvie, â€Å"we have to dig up the church,† and Ray, â€Å"isn’t it enough that we just dont attend? † juxtaposing with the mood, which causes a break in the darkness allowing the audience to think clearly. Thus through the use of black humour and characterisation, Cameron is able to present a frightening view of who we are. The set within Ruby Moon contains a large amount of props that sustain both the environment of the play but also convey the underlying messages of the play. As the play is focused on the identity of the suburbia and the outside world, the curtains in scene 5 are utilized by Ray and Sylvie to suggest that perhaps the curtains they use to help keep the evils of the outside world at bay are actually keeping their own contained. Analogously, the mannequin and Ruby’s dress are both strong images throughout the play. Ruby’s dress is metamorphic, and occurs to represent many things throughout the play, â€Å"if you walk down the street in a little red dress†¦Ã¢â‚¬  symbolizing childhood innocence and an object of sexual desire when worn by Sylvie. The mannequin or ‘Ruby Doll’ comes to represent the unveiling of the mystery behind Ruby’s disappearance, thus every part of the doll that they receive denotes the further unveiling of the unknown, yet because the head of Ruby continues to be missing – the whereabouts of Ruby still remains unknown. The paranoia and fear of losing a child implicated here contradicts with the Australian’s ideal of the suburbia which is meant to be a happy and safe place where children can be raised. Lighting is used throughout the play to implicate a sense of paranoia amongst the audience and build suspense, allowing the audience to empathise with the characters within the play. In scene three, Sid is in shadows occasionally flicking on the light raising fear and suspicion in Sylvie, and during his re-enactment of the detective he move into Sylvie’s personal space creating a claustrophobic mood and showing the detective suspicions. When Sylvie wanted answers from Sid she would move closer to him, but he would evade her by moving into shadows suggesting he had something to hide, creating suspicion. The audience shares Sylvie’s suspicion and paranoia as she is desperate after losing her child. Stolen by Jane Harrison was written to â€Å"honour the experiences of those who had been stolen and for the play to resonate on an emotional level with its audience. † The play retells stories of five Indigenous individuals of the Stolen Generation, and examines the struggles and concerns of Aboriginal Australians since white settlement in Australia. The bicentennial celebrations had Aboriginal Australians questioning what exactly they were celebrating. Royal commissions into black deaths in custody and the stolen generation also set the tone. There was a move towards reconciliation although the conservative federal governments’ was reluctant to say ‘sorry’. Earlier land rights decisions in the high court also added to indigenous relations being a major issue in the late 20th century. Stolen deals with these issues through theatrical conventions and techniques, i. e. traditional storytelling, collage, multi role acting, and symbolism. Jane Harrison employs a traditional storytelling form due to its indigenously enthused context, and an episodic structure to impose a frightening view of who we are. In Stolen, five actors portray the five principal characters respectively, each representing a story common among Aboriginal people. Anne, Sandy, Shirley, Ruby and Jimmy each present their journey by a different structure – a song, a letter, the line-up for example – which is repeated several times to show the changing circumstances and to develop individual narratives. This reflects the practice of traditional storytelling methods which have a repetitive song/dance structure. Such use of repetition not only helps in the learning of the story but it highlights the subtle changes on understanding that may occur over time. The play is also episodic in that it does not follow any obvious chronological order. The characters move back and forward in time, sometimes being their young child in the children’s home and other times, adults. As the play progresses; an accumulation of affecting experiences towers giving an emotional resonance to a political issue and the frightening view of who we are as an Australian society is further imposed on us. Stolen demonstrates a frightening view of who we are through the utilization of multi-role playing. The play is performed by 5 actors who, in addition to the roles – Anne, Sandy, Shirley, Jimmy and Ruby, take on the following roles (sometimes merely as voices offstage): * Sandy’s mum, cousin, aunt, aunty, uncle * Anne’s adopted father and mother * Jimmy’s mother, Nancy Wajurri * Voices of authority, angry voice – vulgarity SCENE RACIST INSULTS between Jimmy and voice * â€Å"Voice: [off] dirty nig-nog depending on govt. ha ndouts†¦bloody nigger, drinking away your dole cheque†¦ Jimmy: Genocidal maniac, killing and raping and stealing our women and children†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Expressing the anguish and pain endured in victims of the policy and injustice imposed upon the Stolen Generation * Retelling of the immeasurable injustice done to the Indigenous Australians and stereotyping them to beings that result to acts as an after effect of the policy * Distances audience from the play so they can picture the message that underpins the play * Gets audience to reflect on the actions of Australia historically and how frightening we are Stolen demonstrates a frightening view of who we are through the utilisation of multi-role playing. The play is performed by five actors who, in addition to the roles, Annie, Sandy, Shirley, Jimmy and Ruby, take on the following roles which are sometimes merely voices offstage: Sandy’s mum, cousin, aunt, uncle, Anne’s adopted father and mother, Jimmy’s mother Nancy Wajurri, and the voices of authority which in the scene ‘Racist Insults’ present to us a frightening view of who we are. The vulgarity in the conversation between Jimmy and the voice, â€Å"Voice: [off] dirty nig-nog depending on government handouts†¦bloody nigger, drinking away your dole cheque†¦Jimmy: Genocidal maniac, killing and raping and stealing our women and children†¦Ã¢â‚¬  expresses the anguish and pain endured in victims of the policy and the injustice imposed upon the Stolen Generation. It is a retelling of the immeasurable injustice done to the Indigenous Australians and stereotyping them to beings that result to acts as an after-effect of the policy. The inclusion of multi-role playing distances the audience from the play so that they can picture the message that underpins the play and coerces the audience to reflect on the actions of Australia historically and how frightening we are. Symbolism was extensively used throughout Stolen to portray a frightening view of who we are. * Filing cabinet – represent bureaucratic letters and documents that controlled and regimented the children’s lives, but could not be accessed by them. Even today some people have not seen w/e controlled their childhoods * Beds – signified the institutions where the children were kept. There was a regimented way to make them, and a strict inventory of linen and bed clothes. The beds were moved about the performance space, to symbolize how the children were not permitted to settle or rest. Our beds should be places of security and relaxation, but in Stolen they were charged with uncertainty, fear and institutionalization. * Ringing of bell – symbolized strict authority in the homes and missions, summoning the children to classes, meals or to line up for inspections. In the original production the bell was rung to call children to be viewed for prospective adoption or a weekend visit with a white family. For some children this led to abuse * Suitcases – symbol with each character carrying a suitcase to represent their journey and the ‘baggage’ of their lives, their history and their stories. At the beginning of the performance each actor entered with a suitcase. At the end, once the set had been dismantled, they exited, again carrying a suitcase to signify that their journey was not yet finished * Allows audience to question the reason behind it and unravel the frightening view of who we are Symbolism was extensively used thought Stolen to portray a frightening view of who we are. This is evident in the props utilised in the production consisting of the filing cabinet, beds and the suitcases. In the Sydney Theatre Workshop, they used a filing cabinet as a quick scene transition, this represents the bureaucratic letter and documents that controlled and regimented the children’s lives, but could not be accessed by them. In the workshop, they only used on bed which was moved around the stage, the beds signified the institutions where the children were kept. There was a regimented way to make them, and a strict inventory of linen and bed clothes. The bed was moved about the performance space to symbolise how the children were not permitted to settle or rest. Our beds should be places of security and relaxation, but in Stolen they were charged with uncertainty, fear and institutionalisation. Although the workshop did not emphasise the suitcases, it acted as a symbol with each character carrying suitcase to represent their journey and the ‘baggage’ of their lives, their history and their story. These props used allow us, as the audience, to question the reason behind it and unravel the frightening view of who we are.

Essay For Applying Scholarship - How to Write an Essay For Scholarships

Essay For Applying Scholarship - How to Write an Essay For ScholarshipsWhen you are applying for scholarships or fellowships, the first thing that you should be concerned about is your essay. It should be carefully crafted and should be able to provide a complete picture of who you are and what you have to offer to the university. But how do you know what kind of essay to write? Here are some tips to help you out.Writing your essay is similar to writing someone else's essay. The biggest difference is that yours will not be from the comfort of your own home. You will be answering an admissions essay question that needs to be read in an admissions office. You are going to be judged on every aspect of your application, not just your accomplishments.One of the most basic things to remember when writing your essay is to write a well-written summary. In this section, you should be providing a quick synopsis of your academic career. If you don't have much time, just be sure to give some inf ormation about your grade point average (GPA), any awards or recognitions that you may have won, and any honors that you may have received. These can help with your entire essay.One of the biggest pitfalls of essay writing is the writing style. As with all writing, there are several different styles of writing, but you need to choose one that fits your intended audience. For example, if you are applying for scholarship money, you should use a standard essay format. The topic of your essay should be very clear and you should make sure to introduce yourself and the details of your personal story.Since you are writing for the admissions officer, it is important to do some research and to become familiar with the rules of grammar and writing skills. If you aren't, ask for help from someone at the college that you are applying to. Also, be sure to answer the questions completely and honestly.It is important to remember that this is a chance to share yourself and that you should use your application as a chance to show a student what you can offer. Instead of saying, 'I am terrible at math' you could instead say, 'I used the opportunity I was given to get into college and get a higher education.' You want to make sure that you answer the admissions questions accurately and that you are presenting yourself in the best light possible.Keep in mind that the writing style of the essay for applying scholarship sample will vary between college and university. If you are still undecided about what type of essay to write, take the time to read over samples of what other applicants have written. You can also browse through websites like College Confidential to get ideas for how to write an essay for scholarships.Remember that the essay for applying scholarship sample will be a large part of your application. However, if you do not have a lot of time to create a truly impressive essay, there are free resources online that can help you. If you need to speak with a professional writer or someone who can help you make the transition to this type of essay, it would be a good idea to contact a company that specializes in writing on a budget.

Childrens fairy tales Essays

Childrens fairy tales Essays Childrens fairy tales Essay Childrens fairy tales Essay The Pardonner and the Summoner are the last two portraits in the prologue and perhaps two of the most interesting. They appear to be not only partners in work but also in a homosexual relationship. The bond is strong and they are open about their affections; on the journey they sing a love song together, and rather loudly too! Ful loude he soong come hider, love to me! / this the Summoner bar to him a stif burdoun. They are both quite similar in their visage, both being relatively ugly, and yet at the same time they have something about them of the fascination of the incongruous in childrens fairy tales. A Summoner was a person appointed to bring the ecclesiastical courts to those who transgressed against the laws of the church. The position offered many chances for corruption and abuse of power, and we see that this Summoner readily indulges in doing so. In Chaucers era the face told many tales and was reflective of inner character. We see almost immediately that the Summoners face epitomises his inner torment and struggle with morality. The reference to his fyr reed cherrubinnes face reminds us hells fire and therefore symbolises his lecherous nature. The ironic juxtaposition of fyr reed and cherrunbinnes highlights the darker side of his personality. The description of the Pardonner is equally as repelling. His hair is as yelow as wex,,/But smothe it heeng as dooth a strike of flex hanging in greasy rats tails, his eyes narrow and these, coupled with an unbroken voice and boyish complexion, appear inappropriate for a grown man and force the Pardonner to cover his inadequacies by pretending to be a stylish, homosexual, young man. Both men work for the church, and both exploit people to the full. The Summoner is prepared, if adequately bribed, to condone most offences, as he believes money is more important than the excommunication that the courts can give, purs is the ercedekenes helle. For only a quart of wine he will permit the priests to have a mistress, in fact he will allow almost anything; for the right price! We can overlook nearly all of this as most sins no longer punishable in todays society, but perhaps the most chilling and disturbing aspect to his character is that he has the girles1 in his diocese at his mercy. After hearing of his lecherous nature we wonder just what this man does with these young people. The Pardonner, like the Summoner, earns his living through deceiving people. Pardonners were sellers of Papal indulgences, whereby a sinner could buy penance; but this Pardonner earns extra money to that which he gains selling penances; he sells relikes. A pilwe-beer which he claims is the veil of the Virgin Mary, pigges bones masquerading as those of a saint, fragments of the sail and a cheap cross and with these and feyened flaterie and japes,/ He made the person and the people his apes. Perhaps, howver, the ultimate irony is that this loathsome creature is extremely convincing in church But trewely to tellen at laste,/ he was in chirche a noble ecclesiate. In writing the portrait of the Summoner, Chaucer appears to be flattering the man when he is in fact his scathing satire is reaching new intensities. When describing the Pardonner, on the other hand, Chaucer is openly hostile. One source claims that this si so that we can empathise with his spiritual sterility, but in my opinion Chaucer merely created a character to be totally loathed and detested. The Friar is third ecclesiast in the prologue and the last of the trio of deviants who set their desires against the ordained patterns of behaviour. Of all of them, the Friar is by far the worst. This Friar, like others, has moved form being an itinerant teacher and defender of the faith, to being an exploiter of the poor and a parasite on the community. Perhaps Chaucer was trying to warn us when he opened the portrait by describing the Friar as a wantowne and a merie,/ A limatour, a ful solempne man. These adjectives seem to have been randomly thrown together by Chaucer and in fact this sort of moral chaos is perfectly fitting for the Friar. He hadde maad ful many a marriage/ Of yonge wommen at his owene cost. This altruistic gesture seems more in keeping with the duties of a devoted Friar, but I discovering his lecherous nature the gesture begs the question why? The Friar is not selfless and we wonder what was in it for him? It becomes apparent that these marriages are merely a despicable front, a way of offloading his own sexual mistakes and a means of allowing him to negate responsibility for his actions. Unto his ordre he was a noble post, This is heavily ironic as we find it hard to conceive that this man is the pillar of any community. Chaucers use of adverbs such as sweetly and plesaunt only serve to highlight the sarcastic and ironic tone of this portrait. The Friar abuses his power of confession He was an esy man to yeve penaunce, /Ther as he wiste to have a good pitaunce which is a great contrast to the Parson who would snibben sharply for the nonis any man who transgressed, regardless of his social position.

The Pyschology of Everday Life . 2000 word portfolio consisting of the Essay

The Pyschology of Everday Life . 2000 word portfolio consisting of the following Assesment 1 - Applying psychology to ever - Essay Example In today’s material and media driven society, it has become important to have a fit and shapely body if one is to enjoy a healthy self image. Hence, currently the goal of my life is to reduce weight and to achieve a desired shape with the help of exercise and healthy diet. However, it is not as easy as it seems. After referring to different studies in the field of psychology, ayurveda and spirituality, I realized that being overweight is not just a physical problem. The tendency of overeating and accumulating fats lies in the psychological and emotional make up of a person. This means that if one has to achieve a perfect weight and a shapely body, then one has to change not only the eating habits but also the psychological aspects of the personality. Hence, to become a happier person in life, what is more important than reducing weight is to gain a healthy self image, emotional clarity and peaceful relationship with ‘self’, because one can achieve happiness only w hen one is at peace with the ‘self.’ The Root Of Problem Happiness is the most important aspect of a fulfilling life. People feel worthy and content only when they are happy with themselves. Sadly, instead of attaching happiness with the internal feelings and personality, it is related to appreciation, social success and social acceptance. Hence, people become happy only when they get appreciated and accepted by people around them. However, this leads to a major problem as it makes people depend on others for their happiness. Instead of doing things that make them happy, people start following the goals and ‘living standards’ that are set by others for them. This leads to misery and self destructive behavior pattern (Chopra, 1994, p. 42). Genuine physical beauty and emotional happiness can be achieved only when a person practices self-acceptance (Chopra, 1994, p. 42). However, self-acceptance does not come easily. The idea of ‘perfect life’ and ‘perfect body’ is shaped by the television and print media and not on the basis of self knowledge. However, it is necessary to understand that every human being is unique and hence, has a unique body and mind system (Chopra, 1994, p. 18). If a person tries to copy other people’s weight pattern or food habits, then he becomes vulnerable to losing his individuality and health. Hence, the healthier way to reduce weight is to understand the root cause of the problem and try to treat it rather than trying to reduce the weight only through exercise and diet. However, to analyze and understand the root of the problem, it is necessary to look at the problem through the psychological perspective. The problem of me being overweight is not a recent one. I have observed that this is an intermittent problem since my childhood. I have never been an obese child. However, I do have a tendency to gain weight when I go through stressful situations in life. This might be because I also tend to eat when I am tense or feel emotionally closed. This shows that it is my emotional pattern that makes me to eat unhealthy food and become overweight as I am not able to control binging on fast food. Hence, my problem is emotional based and not body based (Chopra, 2004, p.103). It has been found that for people who are emotionally dissatisfied and unhappy, ‘food’ becomes a source of satisfaction and happiness (Chopra, 2004, p.103). The habit of binging and overeating comes from the feeling of emptiness in the

Paris in 1792 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Paris in 1792 - Essay Example The events of this year thus, also heralded a new form of governance, complete democracy as the major form of governance. Even though democracy was followed in varying degrees in many parts of Europe, it was the French Revolution that gave the impetus for its establishment as the sole form of government acceptable to the people of a nation. As is the case with any historic event, the actual event is preceded by a build up consisting of mounting tensions, resentment and dissatisfaction on the part of certain communities. The involvement of the French government in the American Revolution and the huge expenditure that this interference had cost had created widespread dissatisfaction among the middle classes of France, who felt that this expenditure was needless and could have been avoided, had the government been more astute in the evaluation of the situation. The refusal of the nobility to have helped out the government had meant that an unfair share of the taxes required for the expe nses were extorted out of the bourgeoisie. This bred a lot of resentment amongst them, not only against the monarch, Louis XVI, but also against the nobility of France. France’s unsuccessful attempts to defeat England in war had also placed a heavy burden upon the exchequer that fell largely upon the French bourgeoisie whose standards of living dipped drastically. The constitution of the National assembly, a body of people who were picked out of the middle classes was an important development during the year of 1792. This led to an understanding on the part of both the king and the bourgeoisie of the power of a collective. Michael David Sibalis remarks upon this understanding of the power of the collective as an outcome of the class-consciousness that had seeped into the minds of the middle classes of France, as is seen in the emergence of â€Å"mutual aid societies† in Paris before 1789. These societies enabled the mobilization of the masses during the constitution of middle class citizens during the creation of the National Assembly that was created for the purpose of the creation of a national constitution for France that would invest the bourgeoisie with more powers that it had till then. This constitution of the National Assembly represents, for Sibalis, an attempt on the part of the Parisian middle classes to â€Å"provide themselves with some minimal economic security through their own efforts† (http://fh.oxfordjournals.org/content/3/1/1.extract). Many of these efforts were frustrated by later events of the Revolution but the events of 1789 displayed a passion and fervor on the part of the Parisian middle classes to rise above their petty divisions and fight for the causes of equality that the French Revolution stands for, even today. The fight was also against what Barry M. Shapiro refers to as an â€Å"irrational and inhumane judicial system† (Barry M. Shapiro, Revolutionary Justice in Paris, 1789-1790, ix) that refused to treat every subject of the state equally. The embodiment of this passion and fervor and one of the turning points of the revolution, according to historians like Eric Hobsbawm, was the storming of the Bastille on the morning of the fourteenth of July in 1789 (Eric Hobsbawm, The Age of

Should the Government Intervent Tax Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Should the Government Intervent Tax - Essay Example Hence the government, in my view, should intervene through tax rates to keep the economy and society controlled. Government intervention through tax rates is of paramount importance when negative externalities are to be dealt with. The market consists of two types of goods, public and private. Private goods are associated to the concept of excludability, referring to the exclusion of people from the benefits of a product or service that do not pay for it. On the other hand, public good is non-excludable and benefits the entire population regardless of their non-payment. Free-riding issue arises in this situation leading to chaos and dissatisfaction toward those counterparts of the society who are not contributing enough to the society compared to the benefits they are receiving (for instance healthcare and security/defense facilities for tax-evaders or undocumented immigrants in some cases). Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy (ITEP) has contributed to the knowledge by revealing that undocumented immigrants can be a major source of tax earnings if they are permitted legally to work in th e US and would end up increasing the tax contribution by about $2 billion per year (ITEP, 2015). Government must intervene by changing tax rates to control consumer demands. By increasing tax rates, the government may reduce the disposable income and hence reduce the consumer demand. Similarly, if it wants to increase consumer demand, generally or specifically for certain goods and services, subsidies can be provided and/or tax on that particular product/service can be reduced. Hence, tax rates on specific products, services or industries as well as taxes on individuals and specific population groups can both help governments to keep harmony in the economy. The government calls funds from the local economy by taxing general public and businesses. These funds are then

Missile Defense System is Useless Against Terrorists Essay -- Septembe

A Missile Defense System is Useless Against Terrorists Donald Rumsfeld, was confirmed as Secretary of Defense with barely a whimper from the media. Rumsfeld's career in public service has been a lengthy one including serving as a former ambassador to NATO, a Congressman, and Secretary of Defense under the Ford administration from 1975 to 1977. But Rumsfeld's claim to fame is that he headed a 1998 Congressional panel that identified a growing threat of ballistic missile attack from rogue nations such as North Korea, Iraq, and Iran. Identifying the possibility of a real threat in the next five years, the report endorsed the development of a ballistic missile defense system to protect the U.S. from such attacks. America should want to protect itself from rogue nations bent on wreaking havoc. Who doesn't want to raise a shield against the mistakes and intentions of a dangerous world? But aside from the fact that most of the intelligence community believes that such a threat does not exist and will not for at least fifteen years, there is also one serious problem with a national missile defense system: It doesn't work. In the last two decades alone, the United States government has invested over $130 billion on Ronald Reagan's "Star Wars" dream. With Bush at the helm, the U.S. appears poised to invest billions more. What has $130 billion and the valuable time of the military-industry complex given us? A system that is unable to reliably shoot a single, low-speed missile out of the sky. Nothing suggests that this system will work. The optimism exhibited by its advocates distorts the truth. The military has had to admit that the Patriot missile defense system, which was initially her... ...ses the treaty as "ancient history." At a time when Russia is becoming increasingly angry with the U.S.'s imperialist actions ‚ so much that they have threatened to withdraw from future arms control talks ‚ the last thing the U.S. should do is make an enemy out of a nation with one of the world's largest nuclear stockpiles. There are many serious threats to national security that demand our attention. In the post-Cold War era, the answers are complicated and require careful consideration. Unfortunately, Rumsfeld and the Bush administration have chosen a winning political sound byte which fails miserably in real life. We should focus on worldwide arms reduction. If Rumsfeld has his way, we may live in a far more dangerous world of anxious nuclear powers that engage in offensive-defensive arms races and keep their fingers on the nuclear button.